全球化与20世纪90年代以来东亚制造业的转移和重组

本文的目的是:(1)讨论当存在产业内贸易时,三个通常用来衡量比较优势和竞争力的指标之间的关系;(2)检验20世纪90年代以来,东亚几个经济体中制造业活动的转移和重组。结果显示,制造业活动已经从日本、韩国和台湾地区转移到了中国。对于低技术劳动密集的产业(例如,SITC82,83,84和85),这种转移是基于比较优势,而产生了产业间贸易。然而,对于更复杂的技术密集产品(例如:SITC72和SITC87),生产过程已被分成很多模块,并在不同的国家进行生产。这种制造方式的重组是基于规模经济效应,而产生了产业内贸易。

GLOBALIZATION AND THE CONFIGURATION OF EAST ASIAN MANUFACTURING IN THE 1990S

The purposes of this paper are (1) to discuss relations among three commonly used indices for comparative advantage and competitiveness when intro-industry trade is present; and (2) to examine the relocation and reconfiguration of manufacturing since 1990s in selected East Asian economies. The result shows that manufacturing activities have been relocated from Japan, Korea, an Taiwan to China. For low-skilled labor-intensive industries (e.g. SITC 82, 83, 84, and 85), the relocation is based on comparative a...