企业家行为、企业迁移、产业集群与农村城镇化政策

文章按照系统自组织理论,采取问卷调查、访谈和分组对比方法,以村镇企业迁移为考察切入点,对我国企业家行为、企业迁移与产业集群之间的联系展开研究。调查研究表明:企业迁移收敛于向区位条件优越、社会化服务和市场体系健全、私有产权保护良好、企业家受人尊重、自然及社会人文环境和谐、地方政府服务好的城镇集聚;企业家控制权与企业迁移呈正相关关系;企业家对产业集群的收益预期和对迁移成本的预期的高低是企业迁移的主要动因。乡镇产业集群政策体系和城镇化政策的要点是:以乡村企业家理性决策和理性迁移为政策立足点,通过公共财政政策的系统配置,以增加公共产品和政府服务、健全市场体系、保护私有产权、尊重企业家人格精神、促进社会人文环境和谐等措施来优化区位和环境,提高乡村企业家产业集群价值的预期,引导中小企业向工业园区或产业集群集聚。

Village-town Entrepreneur, Enterprise Migration,Industrial Clusters and Rural Urbanization Policies

Based on Self-Organizing theory,by investigating and interview,this paper studies the relations among entrepreneur' behavior,migration of village-town enterprise and industrial cluster.The results indicate that village-town enterprises' migration tends to agglomerate to superior location and advantageous environment with better social service system,market system and public service of town government,and protecting property rights and respecting entrepreneur.Entrepreneur's control rights,i.e.migration rights,is positively related to the migration.The main reason for the migration is the expected return on industrial cluster and the expected cost of migration.The policies for the industrial cluster and urbanization should be based on entrepreneur' rational decision and rational migration.By public financial policies,we should increase the supply of public products and service of town government,perfect market system,protect private property rights,respect entrepreneur,improve social and humane environment to increase entrepreneur' expectation on industrial cluster,and to attract village-town enterprises to cluster to industrial zone.