大城市边缘区城乡多维空间冲突特征与形成机制——以韶关市转溪村为例

大城市边缘区作为城乡功能过渡与要素交汇区,经济社会持续演变,空间冲突日趋激烈,生态文明与城乡共同繁荣语境下加强空间冲突与协调研究具有重要意义。选取典型案例韶关市转溪村,主要采用2008与2018年土地利用数据、2018年问卷调研数据和环境抽样检测数据,从用地空间、经济社会与生态环境等维度,解析大城市边缘区城乡空间冲突特征及成因机制,提出城乡统筹与空间协调发展路径。研究表明:(1)研究区用地变化与冲突明显,城镇用地快速增长,侵占优质区位,农村用地空间明显缩减,生态位不断缩窄。2018年村域建设用地中城镇用地占比高达60.79%。(2)城乡经济差距与冲突显著,外来企业带动作用小,村庄经济发展滞后,城乡收入和公共服务差距大。转溪村人均收入仅为曲江区农村平均水平的50.94%,村民对公共服务满意度低。(3)城市工业等企业嵌入,导致不同程度的大气污染、噪声污染和水污染,61.37%的受访村民认为外来企业破坏环境或干扰生活。(4)城乡空间冲突是多维冲突的交织复合体,主要受城乡地域功能分工、乡村多元价值认知、空间组织与统筹治理、城乡协同发展制度供给等因素影响。(5)应基于生态文明进行功能协调,促进城乡等值发展。基于城乡统筹开展空间重构,优化三生空间治理。基于共同繁荣建立协同机制,保障乡村发展权益。

Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Urban-rural Multidimensional Spatial Conflict in Metropolitan Fringe:Take Zhuanxi Village in Shaoguan City as an Example

As the transition of urban-rural functions and the intersection of urban-rural elements,the economic and social development of metropolitan fringe is constantly evolving,and the spatial conflict is becoming increasingly fierce. It is of great significance to strengthen the research on spatial conflict and coordination in the context of ecological civilization and urban-rural common prosperity. Taking Zhuanxi Village of Shaoguan City as a typical case,this paper mainly uses the land use data in 2008 and 2018, questionnaire survey data and environmental sampling data in 2018 to analyze the characteristics and cause mechanism of urban-rural spatial conflict in urban fringe from the dimensions of land use space,economic society and ecological environment, and puts forward the path of urban-rural overall planning and spatial coordinated development. The results show that: (1) In the study area,land use changes and conflicts are obvious,the scale of urban land is growing rapidly,the high-quality location is occupied,the space of rural land is significantly reduced,and the ecological niche is shrinking continually. In 2018, urban land accounted for 60.79% of construction land in the village. (2) The economic gap and conflict between urban and rural areas are significant, the driving role of foreign enterprises is weak,the development of village economy lags behind,and the income gap and public service gap between urban and rural areas are large. The per capita income of Zhuanxi Village is only 50.94% of the disposable income of rural residents in Qujiang District, and the villagers’ satisfaction with public services is low. (3) The embeddedness of urban enterprises leds to different degrees of air pollution, noise pollution and water pollution. 61.37% of the surveyed villagers thought that foreign enterprises destroyed the environment or interfered with their lives. (4) Urban-rural spatial conflict is a complex of multidimensional conflicts. The deep-seated causes mainly include the division of urban-rural regional functions, rural multi-value cognition, spatial organization and overall governance, system supply of urban-rural coordinated development and so on. (5) It should be based on the ecological civilization to coordinate the functions and promote the equal development of urban-rural areas. Based on the overall planning of urban and rural areas, it should carry out space reconstruction and optimize the governance of production-living-ecological space. Based on common prosperity,it should establish a collaborative mechanism to protect the rights and interests of rural development.