土地利用的时空结构分异研究

时空结构分异分析是以GIS叠置分析为辅助手段。目前描述空间结构分异最常用的方法是比较分析不同土地利用类型在空间方位上的差异。由于按方位划分的空间单元并不具有均等的土地面积,因而其变化速度就不具有严格意义上的可比性。文章对上述方法进行了改进,创建性的引入了年均变化强度指数这一具有可比性的指标体系来描述土地利用的时空结构分异特征,它实质就是用各空间单元的土地面积对其年均变化速度进行标准化处理,使各种土地类型的变化速度具有可比性,得出各不同用地类型的时空结构分异情况,对出现这种情况的原因进行综合分析评价,从而达到全面把握土地变化规律的目的。该研究方法有助于从总体上全面掌握土地利用时空结构演变的趋势与特点,对发达地区未来城市土地利用的合理规划有一定的借鉴意义。

RESEARCH ON SPATIAL DEVIATION ANALYSIS MODEL OF LAND-USE CHANGE

The deviation analysis of spatial-temporal structure is based on GIS overlay. At present, the method in common use to describe deviation of expansion in spatial structure makes use of comparative analysis to study difference of various classification of land-use in spatial position. Although this method can draw the outline of spatial structure characteristic of land-use with object and brief advantages, its changed speed is not comparative in the strict sense because divided spatial units are not equal land areas. Thus the method above is improved in the paper by creatively importing the changing intensity index by average of year that the comparative new index can describe deviation of land-use spatial-temporal structure. Changing intensity index means that land-use changed area of a certain spatial unit is percentage of overall land area in different a certain period of research. In order to compare intensity or trend of urban land-use change in different period of research, changing intensity index in each spatial unit by average of year that has been calculated is a standard processing course is for its changing speed by average of year in land area of each spatial unit. The changing intensity index is comparative. Thus we can make a through research for land-use classification and obtain deviation situations of spatial-temporal structure for different land classification. The result will benefit the planning management of urban land-use of developed districts in China in the future.