重新评价"以粮为纲"政策及其生态环境影响

深入研究和客观评价“以粮为纲”政策及其生态环境影响,才能真正汲取其中教训。文章从“以粮为纲”政策的历史背景入手,即当时我国正处在“粮食问题”阶段、人口进入新的增长时期、“三年自然灾害”刺激;运用生态学的定律分析了“以粮为纲”政策的时代合理性;探讨了“以粮为纲”政策与生态环境的关系及其在内蒙古伊金霍洛旗的实际表现。结果表明,执行“以粮为纲”政策与生态环境破坏并不是必然的因果关系,之所以出现后来的结果是没有重视农业资源的高效利用、没有走内涵式农业发展道路。由此得到的启示是,必须将政策制定的良好愿望与科学的政策路径结合才能实现政策目标。

RE- EVALUATION ON THE "FOOD FOR THE PROGRAM" POLICY AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT

China paid too high cost for the "food for the program" policy.The losses the policy left for us are as much as the wealth it left.In-depth study and objective evaluation the "food for the program" policy implementing process and failing reasons,we could absorb lessons from it and change the cost into the national knowledge wealth.This article starts the "food for the program" policy with the historical background,namely,China had been in the "food problem" stage at that time,population growth had entered on a new increase period,and "three years of natural disasters" stimulating the demand of food.It analyzes the era rational reason of the "food for the program" policy used Linderman's law,and the disciplinary relationship between the food structure and carrying potentiality of the population which derive from the Linderman's law.And then it discusses the relationship between the "food for the program" policy and the ecological environment in China agricultural history develop process terms which compared with the world's.Next make Ejin Horo Banner which is a agri-pasture transitional zone has been affected by the "food for the program" policy deeply as an example to study the actual exhibitions and ecological environment results.The results show that the implementation of the "food for the program" policy and the destruction of the ecological environment is not necessarily causation,and the reason is that there was no making good use of the agriculture resources,and there was no taking content agriculture development truth.The actual result of the implementation of the "food for the program" policy enlighten us that the policy making desire must integrate with science policy route closely,accordingly it can achieve policy aims.