观光农业发展研究

观光农业是以农业为基础,农业和旅游业相结合的一项交叉性产业,也是充分利用农业资源,改变单一农业结构,发展高效农业的一条重要途径.观光农业是随着经济的发展和旅游消费市场的需要而发展的,它为人们观光旅游、休闲健身、欣赏田园风光、享受农家乐趣等提供了新的空间场所.目前观光农业按其功能可分为观光、品尝、购物、务农、娱乐、休闲、疗养、度假等多种类型.观光农业多集中在大城市郊区、沿海经济发达地区、旅游地区、少数民族地区以及特色农业区.北京市是特大城市,观光农业发展条件好,类型多,效益高,是全国观光农业较发达的地区.观光农业具有强烈的地域性和季节性,发展观光农业必须强调因地、因时制宜,充分考虑资源、区位、市场等条件.尽量与旅游业相结合、与农村建设相结合.农业景观学是观光农业发展的理论基础.所以,创建、改善和塑造具有吸引力的农业自然景观和农村人文景观,是发展观光农业的重要前提.

THE STUDY ON DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM AGRICULTURE

Tourism agriculture is a new kind of industry which combined agriculture with tourism and started from 70s this century with the development of agriculture economic and the demand of tourism consumption. It is a important way to exploit the natural resources sufficiently, change the simplistic structure and promote the high efficient agriculture. It provides a new space for peoples to have tourism, leisure and health, to appreciate rural screne, to experience the farmer's enjoyment etc. By its function it can be classified as tourism, taste, purchasing, recreation, leisure, health and vocation etc. At present, most tourism agriculture concentrated at the suburb of big cities, comparative developed region along the sea shore, tourism region, minority district and region of special agriculture, especially Beijing is a metropolitian where the tourism is developed comparatively all over our country with good conditions and various of tourism agriculture.With the regional and seasonal characteristics, the development of tourism agriculture is different from time and location and considerate the conditions of the resources, location and markets, which combined closely with tourism and rural construction. Agriculture landscape is the theoretical base of tourism agriculture.So building the attractive agriculture physical landscape and human landscape is the important pre-condition of tourism agriculture.