基于WPI-LSE模型的中国水贫困测度及空间驱动类型分析

在构建水贫困评价指标体系基础上,采用WPI模型测度了2009年中国31个省市（自治区）的水贫困水平,并以资源、设施、能力、使用和环境5系统得分的贡献率为指标,采用LSE方法将各省市划分为不同的水贫困驱动类型。结果表明：我国水贫困程度呈自东南向西北逐渐加重的规律;资源因素是所有北方地区共同的水贫困驱动因素;在东北、中、西部区域内经济和社会发展水平不高的地区,设施和能力因素构成对水贫困的驱动因素;在资源条件较好的东南和西南地区、以及发展水平不高的西北地区,使用因素形成对水贫困的驱动效应;东北和东部地区的水贫困亦由环境因素所驱动。研究结果可为各地区制定缓解水贫困的水资源管理策略提供必要的理论基础。

Measurement and Spatial Driving Type Analysis for Water Poverty in China Based on WPI-LSE Model

Water Poverty assessment is a new research field of water sciences.Based on the water poverty index constructed in this paper,the water poverty degrees of 31 provinces in China in 2009 were measured,and the 31 regions were divided into four types according to the poverty degree.The water poverty contribution ratio of the five subsystems named resources,access,capacity,usage and environment was calculated,and the LSE method was applied to determine the spatial driving type for water poverty.The results reveal some conclusions: ①water poverty conditions are worsened from southeast to northwest in China.②Water resource is the common driving factor of water poverty in north regions.③The access and capacity are the main driving factors in the less developing regions such as northeast,centre and west.④In the southeast and southwest where do not be lack of water resource and northwest where is low developing region,the factor of usage is the driving factor for water poverty.⑤Environment factor is the driving factor of water poverty in northeast and east,whose development level is better than others.The results can reflect the general distribution pattern of water poverty in China,which may also provide the necessary theoretical basis for the holistic water resources management in different regions.