欠发达地区高铁可达性与经济社会的协调性研究

选取哈大、郑西-西宝、兰新高铁为对象,研究沿线欠发达地区的高铁可达性、经济社会发展水平及二者间的耦合协调度格局。研究表明:①高铁开通使得欠发达地区的可达性获得提升,呈以高铁轴带为核心、轴带外围为边缘的"核心-边缘"格局,轴带内部存在显著的"断裂"区,加剧了中心城市高铁集散场的延拓、袭夺与耦合。②高铁的运营加剧了沿线欠发达地区经济社会获益分配的不均衡、加剧了沿线节点的两极分化,产生"优者更优、劣者更劣"的"马太效应"。③耦合度与协调度整体呈不均衡的分异态势,局部地域表现出单核心城市的极化型、双核心城市的串联型、双核心城市的错位型、低水平区域的均衡型等4种分异格局。

Coordination Research of High-Speed Rail Accessibility and Economic-Social Development Level in Less Developed Areas

This paper studied the coupling coordination degree and its spatial differentiation between the high-speed rail(HSR)accessibility and economic-social development level in the less developed areas in China.The research objects were conducted with three HSR lines,i.e.Harbin-Dalian,Zhengzhou-Baoji,and Lanzhou-Urumqi HSRs.The paper first used the weighted average travel time to evaluate the urban accessibility improvement along three HSRs.Then the paper built an index system to evaluate the urban economic-social development level along three HSRs.Next based on the comprehensive weighting method of entropy weight and variation coefficient,this paper calculated the urban economicsocial development level along three HSRs.Finally,the coupling coordination degree between the HSR accessibility and economic-social development level was calculated along three HSRs.The results are as following.First,the opening of three HSR lines has greatly improved the accessibility level in the less developed areas in China.Spatially,the accessibility improvement patterns show a decreasing trend from the"HSR core corridor"to"HSR marginal areas",and the new patterns of"center-edge"system appear.Besides,spatial broken patterns present along the"HSR core corridor",accelerating the spatial extension and capture situation of central cities’HSR distribution field.Second,the opening of three HSRs has accelerated the imbalanced economic-social development level in the less developed areas.At the same time,the spatial polarization phenomenon of urban economic-social development level will further enhance,and the Matthew’s effect will appear.Finally,affected by three HSRs,the gradual spatial differentiation patterns of coupling coordination degree between HSR accessibility and economic-social development level become more and more imbalanced."Four differentiation patterns",i.e.polarization type of single-core city,series type of double-core cities,dislocation type of double-core cities and equilibrium type of low-level regions have emerged in the partial less developed areas.