我国经济体制改革的地带性差异问题

地理学一贯重视的地带性差异同样可以用于讨论我国的经济体制改革.我国经济体制改革的模式是"体制外"的增量改革,即在改革之初绕开了计划经济体制内的国有经济和国有经济中错综复杂的矛盾而大力推进各种非国有经济成分的发展.在非国有经济成分得到比较充分的发展之后,特别是在获得了承受改革成本的能力之后才开始在1990年代的中期以后对国有经济进行改革.空间上的过程则是首先在"体制内负担小、体制外条件好"的东部沿海地带推进非国有经济的发展,使那里的经济迅速发展之后推动其他地带.这个模式获得成功的根本原因,一是非国有经济成分的发展选择了劳动密集型产业,因而提供了大量的新增就业和政府税收,二是体制外增量弥补了体制内的减量,即国有经济释放出来的大量失业.但是沿海地带成功的模式在其他地带的实践却并不顺利,沿海地带的发展在很多方面压抑着其他地带的改革和发展.文章分析了沿海地带对资源和就业岗位的垄断,提出其他地带不能一成不变地按沿海地带的模式进行改革,其他地带改革的内容和重点应该有所不同.

REFORM OF ECONOMIC SYSTEM: FROM POINT OF VIEW OF ZONALITY

The difference of zonality regarded by geography is discussed either with reform of economic system of China.The point prominence of the reform of our country is the reform of increment namely at the beginning of steered clear of city stateowned economy of system-inner,and also steered clear of the intricacy of national economy,and hereafter improve development of the economy non-stateowned.When the non-stateowned has got vast development and the capacity of support to reform has been boost up,the economy stateowned has been reformed in mid 1990.The space process is reform of the zone along the coast of little of suffer system-inner and system-outer be good at condition at the first,and after the component of non-stateowned has been improved and the economy of the coastal zone has been developed,the reform was diffused to the other zone.The way has been successful caused by two point,the first is,the development of non-stateowned economy elected the industry of labor intensive and there were vast add employment and revenue of government as a result,the second is,the increment produced from system-outer made up the reduce of unemployment released by stateowned economy therefore.The paper point out that the way practiced successful at the coastal zone is not so all right,and the fact is it is the coastal zone oppress the others in many respects.The paper pays attention to the monopolization on resource and the employment of the country and put forward that the other zone cannot reform invariable as coastal and the matter and the stress must be some differ.