改革开放以来中国城镇居民消费结构变动及区域差异

近年来,我国主要靠投资拉动经济增长的方式越来越难以持续,因此,扩大内需和调整投资与消费的关系是我国经济结构调整的迫切需要。文章选取东、中、西部有代表性的江苏、山西和四川三省,比较其城镇居民消费结构的相同点、差异及变动趋势,得出的结论是:中西部地区由于收入水平偏低,虽然其边际消费倾向较高,但总体消费能力有限;而东部地区虽然收入较高,但边际消费倾向较低,所以也影响其总消费量,故而全国有效需求不足,不利于启动内需与调整经济结构。最后据此提出了缩小区域之间差距、提高城镇居民,尤其东部地区居民的发展性消费等建议。

THE CHANGE OF CONSUMPTION STRUCTURES AND INTERREGIONAL DIFFERENCE SINCE CHINA'S REFORM AND OPENING UP

Promoting economic growth through investment will not be sustainable in resent years,so expanding domestic demand and adjusting the relations between investment and consumption are urgent needs to implement the economic restructuring.Based on data drawn from three typical provinces-Jiangsu,Shanxi and Sichuan,this paper focuses on their differences and similarities,as well as change trend of their urban citizen's consumption structure.We draw a conclusion that Middle and Western region with lower income has higher MPC,while Eastern region with higher income has lower MPC,which cause the insufficiency of effective demands of the whole country.Our suggestion is to narrow the gap of districts and increase the expenditure rate of citizens,especially those in eastern district.