对国外产业集群经济效果及其形成机制的综述与评论

关于产业集群经济效果的研究重点经历了由生产成本、交易成本、代理成本这些静态的效率性向以创新为代表的动态效率性转变的过程;同时作为解释效率性的说明变量也在从在库成本、运输成本等经济要素向道德规范、认知模式、社会资本等制度要素转移.从逻辑关系来看,关于产业集群形成机制的研究可以分为三个学派,即要素论学派、模型论学派和动态论学派,动态论学派代表了有关产业集群形成机制研究的最前沿.

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS AND FORMING MECHANISM OF CLUSTER

The theoretical research on the economic effects of cluster has been moving from static efficiency which focuses more on production cost,transitional cost and agency cost to dynamic efficiency which focuses on innovation.Meanwhile,the explanatory variables have also been changing from economic factors such as inventory and logistic cost to institutional factors such as moral standards,cognitive model and social capital.Based on the logical relationship,the research on the forming mechanism of cluster can be classified into three categories: factor-oriented research,model-oriented research,and dynamics-oriented research.The dynamics-oriented research represents the most frontier work in this field.