加工贸易活动成效差异原因探究——基于东亚与拉美的经验

台湾地区、韩国加工装配活动成功和智利、阿根廷成效差异的原因,在于发展战略、政策环境、劳动力市场发育程度与外部环境差异等等;东亚由加工装配活动成功向加工贸易活动转变,而东南亚成效不佳的原因,在于后向联系和技术溢出方面的差异;中国大陆的加工装配活动是成功的,已在增加就业、增加国民收入与缩小收入差距、平衡国际收支和技术转移方面发挥了积极作用,沿海地区加工装配产业在比较优势将消失的趋势下,向中部地区转移这些产业并同时实现产业升级将是最优选择.

A Probe into the Reason for the Effect Difference in Processing Trade ——Based on the experience of East Asia and Latin America

The reasons for the difference in the success of processing and assembling activity in Taiwan and Korea and the effect of Chile and Argentina lie in the difference in development stratagem, policy environment, growth degree of labor market and exterior environ- ment, etc.; the reasons for the transition from the success in processing assembly to processing trade in east Asia and the bad effect in southeast Asia lie in the difference in backward link and technology spillage; the processing and assembling activities in Chinese Main- land are successful, for it has played a positive role in increasing employment, increasing national income, reducing income gap, keep- ing international payments balanced and transferring technology. It~ the best choice to transfer the processing assembly industries from the coastal areas to the middle areas and at the same time realize the upgrading of industries in the trend that the comparative advantage will disappear in the littoral.