对外贸易、地方保护和中国的产业布局

本文研究发现，20世纪80年代由于新旧工业基地的轮替，地区专业化和分布的不平衡性稍有退化；而90年代地区专业化则显著加深，分布的不平衡性和集中程度明显加速。对外贸易中的地理优势显著地影响中国的产业布局，但地方保护的影响在90年代仅限于内地。传统比较优势理论在中国产业分布中的解释力是显然的，而新经济地理学的部分预测也在本文的实证中得到支持。

Foreign Trade, Local Protectionism and Industrial Location in China

We find in this paper that, geographical changes of industrial bases of the 1980s had leaded to a slight drop in the extent of specialization and location imbalance, but the 1990s had seen the deepening of specialization and the acceleration of the location imbalance. The geographical advantage of trade is found to have a significant impact on the location patterns, and the effects of local protectionism are confined to the hinterland in the 1990s. The role of comparative advantage in shaping industrial location is evident, and some predictions derived from the new economic geography also find supporting evidence.