遥感数据辅助下县域耕地质量评价与空间分布研究

目的 耕地质量监测与评价是实现耕地科学管护的重要前提。方法 文章以河南省安阳县为研究区，依据“状态—压力—响应（PSR）”框架，构建遥感数据辅助下的耕地质量评价指标体系和模型，分析耕地质量空间分布特征和障碍因素。结果 研究区耕地质量空间分布呈现出聚集性和空间变异性交错耦合的分布特征，耕地质量由东向西逐渐降低，一等、二等、三等、四等、五等耕地质量分别占比7.45%、12.34%、17.83%、33.40%、28.89%；有机质、碱解氮、NDVI_DRY为研究区耕地质量主要障碍因子；随着耕地质量等级的升高，不同等级中小麦产量的均值也随着逐渐升高，说明耕地质量越好，耕地小麦产量越高。结论 遥感数据辅助下的县域耕地质量评价具有系统性、科学性和可靠性，安阳县耕地质量提升重点在于提升丘陵地区土壤肥力和农田水利基础设施。

CULTIVATED LAND QUALITY EVALUATION AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN ANYANG COUNTY SUPPORTED BY REMOTE SENSING DATA

Evaluation and monitoring land quality is a prerequisite for scientific management and protection of cultivated land. Across Anyang County, Henan province, a cultivated land quality index and a model was constructed to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and obstacle factors of cultivated land quality by using remote sensing data under the state pressure response (PSR) framework. The results were listed as follows. The spatial distribution of cultivated land quality showed the characteristics of clustering and spatial variability. The cultivated land quality gradually decreased from east to west, and the first-class, second-class, third-class, fourth-class and fifth-class cultivated land quality accounted for 7.45%, 12.34%, 17.83%, 33.40% and 28.89%, respectively. Organic matter, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and NDVIDRY were the main limiting factors of cultivated land quality in the study area. With quality increase of cultivated land, the average wheat yield also increased gradually, indicating that the better the quality of cultivated land, the higher the wheat yield. Therefore, the method proposed for evaluation of cultivated land quality at the county scale with remote sensing data is systematic, objective and reliable, which can assist in the improvement of cultivated land quality and soil and water conservation in hilly areas in Anyang county.