“一带一路”背景下新疆农业资源配置效率及优化

目的]通过测算新疆农业资源配置效率,并提出优化方案,以期抓住"一带一路"建设机遇实现新疆农业的可持续快速发展。方法]采用DEA分析方法,在兼顾经济效益和生态效应的原则下选取3个产出指标和7个投入指标,选取2010~2015年新疆16个市州区作为研究样本采用B2C静态评价模型研究新疆农业资源配置效率,并提出从纯技术效率或规模效率入手优化资源配置的优化方案。结果]新疆16市州区除了克拉玛依市、吐鲁番地区和生产建设兵团综合技术效率的值为1外,其余的都未达到生产前沿面,说明新疆大部分市州农业资源配置与经营规模不适应,农业资源未到达最优配置,存在浪费现象;新疆16个市州区的综合技术效率均值为0.714,说明新疆农业资源配置效率总体状况低效。结论]新疆农业资源配置总体效率较高,但仍存在地区差异,部分地市的农业资源投入均不同程度出现冗余,其中化肥、农药和农膜使用量过剩现象较突出。同时发现,"一带一路"发展战略的实施给新疆农业发展提供了良好的发展机遇。

THE EFFICIENCY AND OPTIMIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES ALLOCATION IN XINJIANG UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF THE BELT AND ROAD

The implementation of the "One Belt and One Road"strategy provides a good opportunity for Xinjiang's agricultural development.Based on the principle of economic benefit and ecological effect, the paper chose three output indicators and seven input indicators to analyze the efficiency of agricultural resource allocation in 23 cities and districts of Xinjiang, and used DEA model to optimize the allocation of agricultural resources in low efficiency cities.The results showed that the overall efficiency of agricultural resource allocation in Xinjiang was high, but there were still regional differences.In some cities, the agricultural resources inputs were excessive, especially the fertilizer, pesticide and agricultural film.Finally, it put forward some suggestions from the pure technical efficiency or scale efficiency to optimize the allocation of resources.Moreover, it should seize the "the Belt and Road" development opportunities to promote the rapid development of agriculture in Xinjiang.