复合型休闲农业空间布局及驱动力分析

目的]针对复合型休闲农业要素配置的空间布局展开,并探讨复合型休闲农业产生和发展的主要驱动因素,以期为复合型休闲农业的未来发展和规划建设提供参考。方法]文章以复合型休闲农业空间布局为总目标,根据专家问卷结果,采用层次分析法,构建了3个系统、8个要素、34个指标的复合型休闲农业评价指标体系,并计算各系统、各要素和各指标的权重,分析各配置要素的重要性。结果]在系统层中,空间结构的权重值达到0.539 6,远高于基本功能系统和附加功能系统的权重。在要素层中,各要素的权重排序为:斑块休闲体验廊道基质教育认知农业生产生态安全观光旅游,前5项指标的权重之和达到78.38%。从指标层来看,景观聚集度、多样性指数、斑块总面积、结构连通性、农产品种类、农事体验丰富度的权重超过0.05。居民休闲体验需求、空间布局合理性和社会认知需求是复合型休闲农业发展的主要驱动力。结论]根据对复合型休闲农业空间布局各指标的综合评价,整体空间的斑块结构是园区规划和建设中最重要的部分。今后对复合型休闲农业的研究重点应放在园区的整体空间布局和景观协调度方面,研究如何促使园区更好地利用农业景观资源打造和谐的农业景观和布局。

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND DRIVING FORCES OF COMPOUND LEISURE AGRICULTURE

The paper investigated the deficiency of compound leisure agriculture research focusing on the spatial layout of the elements of complex leisure agriculture, and discussed the driving force for the generation and development of compound leisure agriculture, so as to provide the planning and construction of compound leisure agriculture reference. According to the results of expert questionnaire and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a comprehensive evaluation index system of recreational agriculture based on three factors and eight elements and 34 indicators was constructed. The results showed that the weight value of the spatial structure reached 0.5396, which was much higher than that of the basic functional system and the additional functional system. In the elemental layer, the weight of each element ranked as follows: plaque>leisure experience>corridor>matrix>education awareness>agricultural production>ecological security>sightseeing. The sum of the weights of the first five indicators reached 78.38%. From the indicator level, landscape aggregation, fragrant diversity index, total core area, structural connectivity, type of agricultural products, agricultural experience weight of was more than 0.05. Residents leisure experience needs, spatial distribution rationality and social cognitive needs were the main driving force for the development of compound leisure agriculture. According to the comprehensive evaluation of the indicators of the compound leisure agriculture spatial layout, the plaque structure of the whole space was the most important part in the planning and construction of the park. In the future, the research on compound leisure agriculture should focus on the overall spatial layout and landscape coordination of the park and how to make the park make better use of agricultural landscape resources to build a harmonious agricultural landscape and layout.