全域土地整治的“反规划”思路探讨

为应对资源承载趋紧、生态环境约束大和粮食安全等问题,以及生态文明建设、城乡一体化战略发展需求,全域整治成为土地整治内涵功能变化新的特征,也是指导土地整治实践的重要思想和亟待深化探索的重要举措。文章从全域土地整治概念出发,运用文献整理及归纳推理的研究方法,分析了全域土地整治突出全地域空间和综合部署的重要性,详细阐述了"反规划"理念对全域土地整治的指导借鉴作用和关注重点,提出了"反规划"理念下全域整治的目标、途径和方法流程。研究指出,全域土地整治应采用逆向规划方法,通过对全域土地系统与景观生态过程的整体诊断,优先建设生态基础设施,然后确定土地整治的工程建设目标和内容,维护土地生态系统的完整性。该文所阐释的通过反规划途径来营造健康土地环境目的的全域土地整治思路,可为深化土地整治探索,推动我国土地整治向景观生态型土地整治转变提供理论参考。

EXPLORATION ON MACRO-PLANNING OF LAND CONSOLIDATION BASED "NEGATIVE PLANNING"

Aiming to the problems of land resources carrying capacity lowering, ecological constraints and food safety pressure, the land consolidation macro-planning has become the new feature of the connotation change of land consolidation, which is also an important guiding ideology for land consolidation practice, especially in the background of ecological civilization construction and urban-rural integration strategy development. Using the method of literature collection and inductive reasoning, this paper analyzed the importance of macro geographical space and comprehensive deployment in the land consolidation from the concept of land consolidation macro-planning. And then, it described the guidance and focus of "negative-planning" for land consolidation macro-planning, pointed out the goal, ways and process methods of land consolidation macro-planning in the view of "negative-planning". The research indicated that the land consolidation should adopt the "negative-planning" method, give priority to the construction of ecological infrastructure based on the integrated diagnosis of regional land system and landscape ecological process, and then determined the construction target and content of land consolidation, so as to maintain the integrity of the land ecological system. This paper created a healthy land environment by land consolidation macro-planning based on the "negative-planning", and can provide a theoretical reference to deepen the exploration of land consolidation, promote the transformation of single land consolidation to ecological land consolidation.