基于主成分与聚类分析法的城市土地利用规划分区研究——以广州市为例

目的]土地利用分区是土地利用总体规划的核心内容之一,是合理确定土地利用方向,优化土地利用结构与布局的重要途径。为了对广州市土地利用及未来发展方向提供理论指导,结合其土地利用现状和特点,选取土地利用结构、土地开发利用程度、社会经济状况和环境资源承载力4项一级指标及15项二级指标,建立土地利用综合分区指标体系。方法]通过SPSS19.0软件,运用主成分分析法提取出前4个主成分,并将其作为新的样本数据,采用层次聚类分析法对广州市土地利用进行综合分区。结果]根据聚类分区结果,将广州市分为4类土地利用区:中心发达区,包括荔湾区、海珠区、天河区和越秀区;综合发展区,包括白云区、番禺区、花都区、增城区和从化区;重点潜力区即南沙区;资源组合区是(新)黄埔区。根据各分区的差异性,提出各区域土地资源开发利用中存在的主要问题及未来发展方向。结论]根据各区的自然经济条件及土地利用状况,将广州市分为4类土地利用区具有合理性,能为广州市今后土地利用规划的科学编制提供参考。

URBAN LAND USE PLANNING BASED ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENT AND HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING ANALYSIS——A CASE STUDY OF GUANGZHOU

Land use zoning, as one of the core content of general land use planning,is an important way determining the land use direction and structure reasonably. The aim of this paper was to provide theoretical directions for land use and future development in Guangzhou. Considering the situation and characteristics of land use in Guangzhou, this paper established an indicator system for land use zoning through selecting four first class indicators (land use structure,land development and use, social and economic condition, bearing capacity of environmental resources) and fifteen second class indicators. The principal component analysis was used to extract the top four principal components by SPSS19.0, and then the land use zoning in Guangzhou was made by the hierarchical clustering analysis. The results showed that Guangzhou was divided into four land use areas, for example, the central and developed area included Liwan district, Haizhu district, Tianhe district and Yuexiu district. The comprehensive development areas were Baiyun district, Panyu district, Huadu district, Zengcheng district and Conghua district.The important and potential area was Nansha district, and the integrate-resource area was the new Huangpu district. Finally, it pointed out the land development directions and problems according to the difference of each area. The results can provide the reference for land use planning scientifically in Guangzhou.