中部6省人力资本投入对农民收入的影响力研究

农民收入是区域农村发展水平的重要指标,农村人力资本投入对农民收入增长有明显的促进作用。我国区域农村发展存在东中西差异。中部6省(山西、湖南、湖北、安徽、河南及江西)农民收入水平处于全国中上水平。深入分析中部6省人力资本对农民收入增长的作用,具有重要的现实意义。研究基于1998~2014年的时间序列数据,建立面板数据回归模型,实证分析中部6省人力资本投资对农民人均可支配收入、工资性收入以及家庭经营收入的影响。研究表明:中部6省农村人力资本投资对农民人均可支配收入、工资性收入和家庭经营收入的影响都在1%的水平下影响显著,其中农村人力资本投资对工资性收入的影响效应最大,除山西省外,影响值都达到1.0以上;农村人力资本投资对农民人均可支配收入影响次之,中部6省之间的影响效应值在0.65~0.95之间,山西省影响效应最低;农村人力资本投资对农民家庭经营收入的影响效应值最小,中部6省除山西省外,其他5个省份的影响效应均大于0.5。并提出加大农村人力资本投资,制定人力资本投资向农村倾斜的政策,加大宣传力度鼓励农民进行自主性人力资本投资,以及加大农村医疗基础建设,完善农村医保体系等一系列提高农村居民收入,实现城乡均衡发展的对策建议。

IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL INPUT ON FARMERS′INCOME IN THE SIX PRONVINCES OF CENTRAL CHINA

Farmers′income is an important indicator of regional development in rural China. Human capital input plays an increasing role in increasing farmers′income, especially in the region where the income is experiencing a remarkable change from low to moderate level in comparison with the entire China. It has been widely recognized that regional development of rural China has obvious disparity among different regions. Central China mainly in-cludes 6 provinces, i. e. Shanxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi. The objective of the study was to examine the impact of human capital input on farmers′income in the 6 provinces of central China. The statistical data from 1998 to 2014 for each of the 6 provinces were used to establish a panel data model and then analyze the relationship between farmers′income and human capital input on basis of regression analysis. The following 3 variables impac-ting farmers′income:farmers′per capita disposable income, wages income, and business income. The influences of rural human capital input on rural per capita disposable income, wage income and family business income were positively significant, with 1% of the confidential level. Among the 3 variables of income, the influence of wage in-come was the greatest. The influence value of human capital input on farmers′ wage income was >1. 0 in the 6 provinces except Shanxi. The influence of human capital input on farmers′ per-capita disposable income ranked the second, with a range from 0. 65 to 0. 95. The influence values of human capital input on farmers′household in-come in the 6 provinces were over 0. 5 except Shanxi. According to these results, we proposed that it should en-hance the rural human capital input to increase farmers′income in the 6 provinces.