基于主成分分析法的土地利用景观分区研究——以青龙满族自治县为例

土地利用景观分区关系到区域可持续发展与土地利用变化方向。研究内容:文章以青龙满族自治县为研究对象,利用2009年、2012年的土地利用现状数据,运用Fragstats软件分别计算出2009年、2012年的类型尺度景观格局指数与景观尺度景观格局指数,对研究区进行土地利用景观分区研究。研究方法:景观指数法、主成分分析法。主要结论:(1)从类型尺度分析,景观面积指数与平均斑块面积除建设用地增加外,其余景观类型均减少;各景观类型的斑块个数、斑块密度均增加;分维数表现为建设用地与耕地增加,其余景观类型分维数均减少。(2)从景观尺度分析,除蔓延指数减少外,香农多样性指数、香农均匀度指数、散布与并列指数均增加。(3)运用主成分分析法对研究区进行土地利用景观分区,2009~2012年间青龙满族自治县土地利用程度向中等水平发展,受地形影响土地利用程度均呈现西北地区高、东南地区低的趋势;各乡镇的土地利用水平表现为青龙镇、八道河镇的土地利用程度一直处于较高水平;都山林场与祖山林场由于其土地利用结构单一,土地利用等级处于较低水平。

LANDSCAPE ZONING OF LAND USE BASED ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS——A CASE STUDY OF QINGLONG MANCHU AUTONOMOUS COUNTY

The land scape zoning of land use has closely related to the area of sustainable development and land use change. Taking Qinglong Manchu autonomous county as a case, based on the land use status data during 2009 to 2012, this paper calculated the type of scale landscape pattern index and the landscape scale of landscape pattern index with the help of the Fragstats software,and then studied the landscape zoning of the land use using the method of the research use landscape indices and principal component analysis. The results showed that:(1) For the type-scale analysis, the landscape area index and average plaque area showed a decrease trend apart from the construction land; the number of patches and patch density for each landscape showed an increasing trend; fractal dimension showed that construction land and arable land increased. (2) For the landscape-scale analysis, except the spread index, the Shannon diversity index, evenness index, and spread and tied index all increased. (3) The land use level in Qinglong Manchu autonomous county during the 2009 to 2012 had a moderate development trend, which was high in northwest and low in southeast due to the impact of topography. The land use degree was higher in Qinglong and the Eight River town that that in Dushan forest farm and the Zushan forest farm with single land use structure.