河南省城镇化时空格局及驱动力分析

目的]通过分析城镇化时空格局及其驱动力用来表现河南省城镇化近10年状态,并通过驱动力分析其主要影响因素。方法]文章选取人均GDP、财政收入、第三产业生产总值、全社会固定资产投资、在岗职工平均工资、各市参加医疗保险人口、天然气用气人口、各市普通高中毕业生、废水排放量、生活垃圾处理量、固体废物处理量、道路清扫保洁面积等12个指标构建综合指标体系,运用SPSS因子分析确定权重,测算2005~2015年河南省城镇化发展水平并分析其时空演变特征,在此基础上利用灰色关联度分析城镇化发展驱动力。结果]河南省城镇化水平在时间维度上呈上升趋势,空间上表现为高城镇化水平集中在河南省西北部地区,有向东北部发展的趋势;低水平城镇化地区集中在河南省中南部地区且数量逐渐减少;中等水平的城镇化地区集中在河南省周边的地级市,数量逐渐增多,且有向高等城镇化水平发展的趋势;就驱动力影响力而言,市场机制高居第一,其次是政府作用、自身发展、外商投资。结论]河南省城镇化水平空间差异显著,并受多种驱动力共同影响。

ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL TEMPORAL PATTERN AND DRIVING FORCE OF URBANIZATION IN HENAN

This paper tried to analyze the urbanization pattern and driving force of urbanization in Henan province for nearly 10 years, and analyze its main influencing factors by driving force. The article selected per capita GDP, fiscal revenue, the third industry GDP, total investment in fixed assets, the average wage of workers in the cities, the number of people participating in medical insurance, the number of natural gas users, municipal population of high school graduates, the amount of wastewater emissions, the amount of waste disposal, the amount of solid waste disposal, the area of road sweeping and cleaning to construct the comprehensive index system. Using SPSS factor analysis to determine the weight to estimate the development level of urbanization in Henan province from 2005 to 2015 and analyzing the characteristics of its spatial and temporal evolution. On this basis, it used the grey correlation analysis to analyze the driving forces. The level of urbanization in Henan province showed an upward trend in terms of time. Spatially, the areas of high-level urbanization was concentrated in the northwestern part of Henan province, and there was a trend of development in the Northeast, and low-level urbanization areas was concentrated in the central and southern Henan province. The number of low-level urbanization areas gradually decreased. The urbanization areas of medium level were concentrated in the prefecture-level cities around Henan province, the number gradually increased and there was a trend of development towards to be the areas of higher levels of urbanization. In terms of driving forces, the market mechanism ranked first, followed by the role of government, self-development, and foreign investment. The urbanization level in Henan province has significant spatial differences and is influenced by various driving forces.