基于熵值法的河北省农业用水利用效率研究

文章从需求居高不下,投入压力积聚;供给增长有限,地下水开采程度不断加深;部分地区水资源污染、浪费以及利用的低效率等方面,总结了河北省农业用水的现状及问题,进而选取水资源消耗、水资源自然条件、水资源技术条件和经济产出效益4方面的指标构建了农业用水利用效率评价指标体系,建立评价数据的时间序列矩阵,应用熵值法进行了水资源利用效率的评价,通过实证分析得到2005~2012年各年农业用水利用效率综合评价指数。研究结论:影响农业用水效率的因素中,技术条件贡献率最大,其次为产出效益、消耗程度和自然条件;农业用水综合指数近几年有所增长但呈现波动态势,技术条件指数走势与其趋同,其他影响因素对水资源效率贡献度变化较平稳。最后结合实证分析的结果在提高农业用水利用技术条件、提高投入产出率、减少水源消耗、增加供给几个方面探索了提升河北省农业用水利用效率的对策。

STUDY OF THE UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY OF WATER RESOURCES IN HEBEI PROVINCE BASED ON THE ENTROPY METHOD

The paper summarized the present situation and problems of agriculture water use in Hebei province, which involving that the demand was high and input pressure was increasing, supply growth was limited and groundwater degree was deepening, there were still some problems of water pollution, waste and low efficiency in some parts, etc. Then the paper constructed the evaluation index system of agriculture water utilization efficiency by selecting the indicators of consumption of water resources, natural conditions and technical conditions of water resources, economic output benefit, established the time series of valuation data, and evaluated the utilization efficiency of water resources empirically using entropy value method. Finally, the paper calculated the comprehensive evaluation index of agriculture water utilization efficiency from 2005 to 2012 through the method of empirical analysis. The empirical analysis results showed that the technical condition was the largest factor contributing to agriculture water utilization efficiency, followed by the output, the consumption level and the natural conditions. Agricultural water use composite index increased in recent years with fluctuation, which was similar to the tendency of technical condition index. Finally, it explored some countermeasures to improve the utilization efficiency of agriculture water from improving technical conditions of agriculture water utilization, improving input and output ratio, and reducing consumption and increasing supply, and so on.