差别化土地管理理论解释及政策体系建设

我国土地资源存在明显的空间异质性,若采取统一的管理模式必然导致土地资源错配和效率损失。目的]探索精细化、差别化的土地管理模式,实现土地资源针对性、有效性管理,是促进土地资源集约节约利用、提高土地资源配置效率和利用效益的重要途径,也是土地供给侧改革的重要着力点。方法]运用理论模型法和文献综述法对差别化土地管理原理和政策含义进行了阐述,构建了差别化土地管理政策体系,并完善了政策支撑体系。结果]差别化土地管理是集时间、空间、地类和产业、部门等为一体的差别化国土管理模式;差别化土地管理目标是在提高土地资源利用效率的同时兼顾社会公平;差别化土地配置效率较普适性配置模式更高。结论]可从建设用地差别化、产业供地差别化和用途管制差别化等方面构建差别化土地管理政策框架体系,从试点、补偿、监管等方面配套政策支撑体系,提高土地资源利用效率的同时,保障社会公平。

THEORETICAL EXPLANATION AND POLICY SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION OF DIFFERENTIATED LAND MANAGEMENT

Land resources in China have significant spatial heterogeneity. Taking unified management mode in different regions could inevitably lead to inefficient allocation of land resources and efficiency loss. Exploring elaborative and differentiated land management mode to achieve targeted efficient management of land resources are important ways to promote the intensive use of land resources and improve the efficiency of land resources'' allocation and utilization. Using theoretical model and literature review, this paper interpreted the connotation of management principals and policy implication on differentiated land management, built policy system and policy support system of differentiated land management. The results showed that differentiated land management should set the space-time, industries and departments as a whole to improve the efficiency of land resources'' utilization and social equity simultaneously. The policy framework of differentiated land management could be built from construction land differentiated management, industrial land differentiated management and land use differentiated management. The policy support system of differentiated land management could be built from pilot projects, compensation and supervision policies. The policy framework and support system were effective to make the differentiated land management policy implement smoothly and run efficiently, and give consideration to both regional balanced development and social equity.