我国现代农业发展的演进分析

社会的发展阶段是客观存在的.同样,现代农业也将随着社会的不断进步呈现不同的阶段特征.本文在诸多专家学者已有研究成果的基础上,根据各时期的政策背景农业生产形势,结合《全国现代农业发展规划(2011 ～2015年)》提出的粮食综合生产能力、农村居民人均纯收入、农业机械总动力、有效灌溉面积等几大现代农业发展量化指标,将我国新中国成立以来现代农业的发展历程划分为经济复苏阶段、高速起步阶段、波动上升阶段、整顿调整阶段和全面提升阶段,并概括描述了每一阶段的主要特征.通过对现代农业的历程分析,进一步提出了我国现代农业的发展的不协调状态的4种表现,即粮食连年增产与农业基础设施落后的不协调、农民纯收入的增长速度与来自农业生产的收入增长速度不协调、农业GDP在国家整个GDP中的比重与国家用于发展现代农业的资金比重不协调、农业科技进步率的连年提高与农业劳动力的素质下降不协调.

ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN AGRICULTURE IN CHINA

The stage of social development is objective, and modern agriculture will be also along with the progress of society and have different traits in different stages. Based on the existing research results of many experts and scholars of the period, the policy background and the situation of agricultural production, combined with some quantitative indicators of modern agricultural development, such as the comprehensive grain production capacity, per capita net income of rural residents, the total power of agricultural machinery, the effective irrigation area proposed in the "national modern agricultural development plan (2011-2015)", this paper divided the development of the modern agriculture in China into economic recovery stage, starting stage with high speed, rising stage with fluctuation, rectify the adjustment stage and the comprehensive promotion stage. The main characteristics of each stage had been described in detail in the paper. Through the process of modern agricultural analysis, the paper put forward four kinds of uncoordinated development of modern agriculture in China, namely food sustained growth and backward agricultural infrastructure, the growth rate of farmer net income and the growth rate of agricultural production income, the proportion of agriculture in the whole country in GDP and the proportion of funds that be put into modern agriculture, agricultural science and technology progress rate increased year after year and the quality of the agricultural labor force decreased. The dissonance will become a serious obstacle in the process of modern agricultural development in China.