价值链视角下福建省渔业经济效率与影响因素对比

目的 文章以福建省为研究区域，选取渔业价值链中最具代表性的“生产—加工”两阶段，对比分析经济效率及影响因素。方法 从价值链视角构建渔业“生产—加工”两阶段投入产出系统，讨论选定指标，基于SBM-Tobit模型测度效率和影响因素。结果 （1）福建省渔业“生产—加工”两阶段效率均较低，生产阶段效率远高于加工阶段效率。（2）福建省渔业生产阶段效率呈现“大分散、小集聚”的分布特征，沿海和西北地区较高，闽西南地区较低；加工业主要分布在沿海地区，效率普遍较低。（3）工业化和城镇化对渔业生产阶段效率主要起负作用，消费水平、渔业经济规模、集约化和捕捞强度对生产和加工阶段效率均起正作用，沿海和内陆地区的影响机理存在一定差异。结论 福建省渔业“生产—加工”两阶段效率均具有较大的提升空间，需重点提升加工阶段效率，以拉动渔业价值链整体效率提升。

COMPARISON OF FISHERY ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND INFLUENCING FACTORS IN FUJIAN PROVINCE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF VALUE CHAIN

Taking Fujian province as the research area, this paper analyzed efficiency of fishery "production-processing" and its influencing factors. From the perspective of value chain, a two-stage input-output system of "production-processing" in fishery was constructed, and its measurement indexes were discussed, then SBM-Tobit model was used to measure efficiency and analyze influencing factors. The results showed that: (1) The efficiency of two stages were low and the efficiency of the production stage was much higher than that of the processing stage. (2) The efficiency of fishery production stage in Fujian province showed the distribution characteristics of "large dispersion and small agglomeration", which was higher in coastal and northwest areas and lower in southwest regions. Processing industry was mainly distributed in coastal areas, and the efficiency of processing stage was generally low. (3) Industrialization and urbanization had a negative effect on efficiency of fishery production stage. Consumption level, fishery economic scale, intensification and fishing intensity had positive effects on efficiency of both the production and processing stages, and there were some differences in the influencing mechanism between coastal area and inland area. Finally, the results show that there is a large space for improvement of fishery production-processing efficiency in Fujian province. In order to promote the overall efficiency of the fishery value chain, it is necessary to focus on improving the efficiency of the processing stage.