甘肃省杂粮种业现状、存在问题与发展策略探讨

目的]甘肃省农业气候资源丰富,适宜种植的杂粮作物品种较多,但其杂粮种业发展存在诸多与现代农业不相适应的问题,严重制约了杂粮产业的发展,因此急需提出针对甘肃省特色杂粮种业发展的策略。方法]文章通过实地调研与文献分析,全面系统地分析了杂粮种业的特点和存在问题,并提出了甘肃省特色杂粮种业的发展策略。结果]调研发现,甘肃省杂粮种子产值高达2亿元以上,其种子研发体系正在完善,商业化速度逐步加快,市场前景广阔。但仍存在杂粮种业缺乏长远规划,杂粮作物种子市场尚不健全,缺乏育繁推一体化的种子企业,种子信息网络及监管机制不健全;育种创新能力有待提高,品种布局不尽合理;杂粮作物品种保护意识不强,对知识产权重视程度不够等诸多问题。因此需要充分发挥甘肃省自然气候生态特点,挖掘优势特色杂粮作物,整合资源,构建杂粮作物育种创新技术体系;建立健全杂粮种子质量监控体制机制;培育现代杂粮种业龙头企业和现代化销售网络等发展策略。结论]甘肃杂粮作物种业具有广阔的发展空间。

CURRENT SITUATION, PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF SEED INDUSTRY OF MINOR CROPS IN GANSU PROVINCE

Gansu province has abundant agroclimatic resources and is very suitable for the cultivation of local characteristic miscellaneous crops. The main small miscellaneous grains in China are planted on different scales in Gansu province. However, due to the variety of miscellaneous grains, there are many problems in the development of its seed industry that are not suitable for modern agriculture, which seriously restricts the development of miscellaneous grains industry. In this paper, through systematic analysis of the characteristics and existing problems of miscellaneous grain crop seed industry, the development strategy of characteristic miscellaneous grain and soybean seed industry in Gansu province was put forward. Combining field investigation with literature analysis, the paper summarizes and makes a comprehensive analysis. According to the investigation and analysis, the research and development system of miscellaneous grain seeds was improved, the marketization speed of miscellaneous grain seeds were accelerated, and the output value of miscellaneous grain seeds in Gansu province was more than 200 million yuan. It was found that there were still some problems in the development of seed industry, such as lack of long term planning and rational distribution, imperfect policies and regulations for the protection of seed property rights, imperfect regulatory system and insufficient protection; imperfect seed market for miscellaneous crops, lack of seed enterprises integrated with breeding and propagation; innovative ability of breeding needed to be improved; and variety protection of miscellaneous crops needed to be improved. There were some problems, such as weak awareness of protection, insufficient attention to intellectual property rights, imperfect seed information network, too few leading enterprises in the processing of miscellaneous grain products and weak industrial pull. This paper puts forward some development strategies, such as giving full play to the natural climate and ecological characteristics of Gansu province, tapping superior and characteristic crops, integrating resources, constructing innovative technology system of miscellaneous grain crop breeding, establishing and improving the mechanism of monitoring the quality of miscellaneous grain seeds, and cultivating leading enterprises of modern miscellaneous grain industry and modern marketing network. There is a broad space for the development of grain crop seed industry in Gansu province.