新时代新趋势背景下资源环境承载力评价初探

目的]把握要素流动下的资源环境压力转移不仅是资源管理工作也是资源环境承载力评价的重要议题。区域均衡发展和自然资源多元化配置加速了区域间要素流动,文章基于产业/部门视角对资源环境承载力评价方法进行探讨。方法]该文运用框架分析法,对评价边界划分、要素配置方式和评价方法进行了讨论,分析并把握当前新时代新趋势背景下要素流动性的承载力评价的基本要求,并以供需平衡法对产业/部门层面的承载力评价方法进行了探讨。结果]当前资源要素行政和市场交叉配置下的承载力评价应在资源跨区流动最小的一个社会配置边界上进行,同时以地理边界上的"人口消费边界"界定本地化资源环境要素需求,并且以考虑出口和剔除进口的资源要素来界定其供给,这样可剥离要素流动带来的资源压力转移。结论]该文提出了产业/部门层面的承载力评价方法,通过把握资源环境要素位置(包括资源位、经济位和生态位)。其主要策略是通过分析和测量由要素流动引起的资源当地消费,经济贡献和环境效益的变化,来捕捉该变化对承载能力的动态影响。该方法可量化经济系统中物资流动与经济发展、环境效应之间的关系,更好地服务于新时代新趋势下资源要素配置、产业结构调整和环境制度的完善。

STUDY ON RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT CARRYING CAPACITY UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF THE NEW ERA AND NEW TREND

Understanding the transfer of resources and environment carrying capacity under the factors flow is an important issue not only in resource management but also in the evaluation of carrying capacity. The balanced development of regions and the diversified allocation of natural resources have intensified regional factors flows. In this paper we discussed the methods of evaluating resource and environmental carrying capacities from in industries/sectors. By using the method of frame analysis, we discussed the evaluation boundary division, factor allocation in real world and existing evaluation methods in research. After mastering the basic requirements of evaluating the bearing capacity of flowing factors in the context of new era and new trend, we also discussed the carrying capacity in industrial/sectoral level by using the law of supply and demand balance. The current evaluation of carrying capacity should be placed on the social allocation boundary with the smallest cross regional flow allocation under the background of resource element administration and market cross configuration. And the demand of resources and environmental elements localization also should be defined by the "population consumption boundary" on the geographical boundary. The supply of resources and environmental elements should also consider the export and import, so that we could separate out resource carrying capacity transfer caused by the factors flow. The carrying capacity evaluation carried out from the "driver" of industries/sectors proposed in this paper, which can identify the location of resources and environment elements (including resource level, economic position and niche). Its main strategy is to capture the effects of carrying capacity dynamic by analyzing and measuring the changes in resource local consumption, economic contribution and environmental benefits caused by the factors flow. This method can not only quantify the relationship between material flow, economic development and environmental effect in economic system, but also serve the allocation of resource elements, the adjustment of industrial structure and the improvement of environmental system under the new era and new trend.