基于GIS的区域土地利用均衡度时空差异研究——以海南省为例

目的]区域土地利用均衡度的时空差异是优化土地利用结构的重要依据,通过对海南省土地利用均衡度的时空差异研究,为优化海南省土地空间配置提供借鉴。方法]GIS空间分析法、极值标准化法、算术平均法和几何平均法。结果]海南省土地利用均衡度指数由2010年的0.661逐渐增加到2014年的0.761,土地利用均衡度呈现从一般均衡到优质均衡的发展态势;从各市县的对比分析来看,6个市县处于均衡状态,12个市县处于失衡状态。结论]土地利用处于均衡状态的市县位于海南省东南部和西北部,开发不足失衡的市县位于海南省中部和西部,过度开发失衡的市县位于海南省北部;土地利用开发强度呈现中部-西部-东部递增的态势,土地利用供给能力呈现中部-西部-东部递减的态势,各市县土地空间配置应结合其开发强度与供给能力以及各地经济状况及城市职能定位,进行合理开发利用,加强中西部的发展,促进全省土地利用均衡发展。

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DIFFERENCES OF REGIONAL BALANCE DEGREE ON LAND USE BASED ON GIS——A CASE STUDY IN HAINAN PROVINCE

The spatial and temporal difference of the balance degree of regional land use is an important basis to optimize land use structure.Based on GIS dimensional analysis, this paper studied the differences of regional balance degree in 18 cities and counties in Hainan province.It showed that: (1) the index of land use balance degree increased from 0.66 in 2010 to 0.76 in 2014, which showed a dynamic increasing trend.(2) Six cities and counties located in southeast and northwest of Hainan province were in balanced degree, while the other twelve cities and counties were in unbalanced state.(3) land use exploitative intensity presented an ascending progress from the central to the west and the east, while land use supply capability shoed a declining tendency from the central to the west and the east.Finally, it suggested that the spatial allocation and rational exploitation should be done according to exploitative intensity and supply capability, and combined with local economic conditions and urban functions.The development of central and western regions should be paid more attention so that more cities and counties can reach a balance degree on land use.