新型城镇化背景下旅游业发展时空差异研究——以辽宁省为例

目的]以辽宁省为例,通过评价其旅游业发展水平,动态分析其旅游业驱动力,试图探讨新型城镇化进程中产业转型问题。方法]利用旅游收入、旅游规模及旅游产业构建评价指标,利用全局主成分分析法进行指标确权,并通过时间序列数据及面板数据,对辽宁省旅游业发展水平进行时空差异实证分析。结果]辽宁省旅游业发展水平整体较高,2012~2014年受新型城镇化带动作用较强,优化趋势显著,大连及沈阳为旅游业发展高水平区,铁岭与锦州为旅游业发展优化趋势高值区;辽宁省旅游业发展水平空间分布特征由研究基期的以"大连、沈阳"为旅游发展高水平集聚区逐步强化为研究末期的"大连、沈阳、铁岭及锦州",核心城市沈阳及大连辐射带动能力增强,铁岭、锦州、营口及本溪旅游业发展水平进步巨大;影响辽宁省旅游业发展水平的主要驱动力因素为旅游收入占GDP的比重,该指标在众多指标中所占权重值最大。结论]新型城镇化背景下辽宁省旅游业发展水平呈逐步上升趋势,城镇化对旅游业的拉动作用明显。

THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DIFFERENCE OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF NEW URBANIZATION——TAKING LIAONING PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

The development of tourism industry is the core issue of industrial transformation in the process of new urbanization. it has very important value to evaluate the development level of tourism industry and the driving force under the background of new urbanization. The paper built an index system including three aspects, i.e., tourism income, tourism scale, and tourism industry, using Generalization Principal Component Analysis to determine the index weight, and then analyzed the tourism industry development level of Liaoning province based on time series data and panel data. The results showed that the overall level of tourism development in Liaoning province was relatively high. The promoting role of the new urbanization was remarkable in 2012-2014, and the trend of optimization was significant. Dalian and Shenyang were the high level areas of tourism development. Tieling and Jinzhou were the high level areas of optimization trend of tourism development. The spatial distribution characteristics of tourism development were as follows: Dalian and Shenyang were the high level cluster areas of tourism development in 2010, and Dalian, Shenyang, Tieling and Jinzhou increased gradually in 2014. It was significant that the radiation driven capacity was enhancing in the core cities, such as Shenyang and Dalian. Tieling, Jinzhou, Yingkou and Benxi had made great progress in tourism development level. The main driving force of the tourism industry development level in Liaoning province was the proportion of tourism revenue accounting for GDP, because it had the biggest weight value among the numerous indicators.