多维视角下中国乡村旅游扶贫效应研究评述

目的]通过梳理国内旅游扶贫效应研究成果,全面把握我国乡村旅游扶贫效应研究脉络,为合理评价旅游扶贫工作成效和开展进一步研究提供价值参考。方法]采用文献分析法从研究视角、研究尺度、研究内容和研究方法等多个维度对国内乡村旅游扶贫效应研究成果进行全面、系统地梳理和评价。结果]不同维度视角下旅游扶贫效应研究在研究对象、研究内容和研究方法上存在差异;早期研究多集中于宏观尺度,主要探讨旅游扶贫的乘数效应及漏损等经济效应,并逐步由经济效应向综合效应转变;旅游扶贫的差异化效应研究是未来宏观尺度下重要的研究方向。微观尺度下,贫困人口的受益效应是当前研究的热点,主要围绕贫困人口收入增加效应、社区参与、收入差异效应及自我感知效应等方面展开;未来研究应进一步关注贫困人口的旅游参与和综合受益。结论]深刻认识旅游扶贫的本质和目标;建立全面、科学的旅游扶贫效应评价体系;创新旅游扶贫效益研究方法;不断完善乡村旅游扶贫效应研究内容。

A REVIEW OF RURAL PRO-POOR TOURISM EFFECT IN CHINA FROM A MULTIDIMENSIONAL PERSPECTIVE

This study is intended to systematically review the research results of domestic Pro poor tourism effect, and grasp the research context of rural Pro poor tourism, in order to provide reference for rational evaluation of Pro poor tourism effect and further research. By using the method of literature analysis, this study comprehensively and systematically combed and evaluated the research results of rural Pro poor tourism effect in China from the perspectives, dimension, contents and methods of the research. There were differences in the objects, contents and methods of research in the study of Pro poor tourism effect from multi perspective. Most of the early research focused on the macro scale, mainly discussed the multiplier effects of Pro poor tourism and the economic effects such as leakage, and gradually changed from economic effects to comprehensive effects of Pro poor tourism. The research on the differential effect of Pro poor tourism at the macro scale is an important research direction in the future. At the micro scale, the poor people benefit from tourism development is the hot spot of current research, mainly discussing the increasing tourism income of the poor, community participation, income difference effect and self perception effect. In the future research, it should pay more attention to the tourism participation and comprehensive benefits of the poor. Finally, it puts forward that we should have a deep understanding of the essence and objectives of Pro poor tourism, establish a comprehensive and scientific evaluation system of Pro poor tourism effect, innovate the research methods of Pro poor tourism effect, and constantly improve the research contents of Pro poor tourism effect.