我国农业野生植物资源原生境保护区建设现状、问题及未来的思考

我国农业野生植物原生境面临着环境污染、人类农业生产、经济社会发展以及各类违法活动的侵蚀和破坏,建立原生境保护区是保护农业野生植物资源的重要途径之一。基于对当前威胁我国农业野生植物原生境面临的四大因素(自然灾害、农业活动、经济发展、违法活动)的系统梳理的基础上,探讨了现有农业野生植物原生境保护区建设的法规政策体系以及保护区建设现状和存在的主要问题,在此基础上提出了加强保护区建设的几点建议。分析结果表明,当前我国农业野生植物保护区建设存在的主要问题包括:保护区土地权属界定、保护区建设内容限定过窄、忽视保护区管理机构能力建设、对保护区周边农民权益保护不够。为了提高保护区建设工作,文章建议相关部门应该重视以下几个问题:统筹协调行业部门之间的权属差异,重视农业野生植物异位保存工作,修订完善保护区建设技术规范,兼顾保护区民众利益。

N-SITU CONSERVATION SITE OF AGRICULTURAL WILD PLANTS IN CHINA DISCUSSION ON PRESENT SITUATION AND THE WAY-OUT

Agricultural wild plants are very important plant resource for human beings because it is the strategic re-source for China′s food security and ecological security. To protect agricultural resource is to protect our agricultural development and our future. However, In- situ site of China′s agricultural wild plants are facing more and more threats from human being′s activities, including rural activities, economic development and illegal activities etc. Establishment of In-situ Conservation Sit is one of the most important way to protect agricultural wild plants. Es-tablishment of In-situ Conservation Sit is the physical isolation at present. Based on introducing the main contents of conservation situ establishing, the paper discussed the present situation about policy system, present situation and the dilemma on establishment of In -situ Conservation Sit of agricultural wild plants in China. The results showed that the problems existed in establishment of In-situ Conservation Sites in China included: disputing of land property rights, incomplete construction content, overlooking capacity building and ignoring local residents′in-terests. Furthermore, some ideas and suggestions were proposed to strengthen the establishment of In-situ Conser-vation Sites in China. The main suggestions were as follows:①paying great attentions to ex situ conservation estab-lishing and rescue base establishing;②strengthening capacity building of management institute; ③revising the re-lated specifications to make them more reasonably;④taking into account farmers′interest, including land compen-sation, technical training on how to protect agricultural wild plants and how to pick in proper way;⑤coordinating the conflicts of interest among different administrative departments.