福建省森林生态效益补偿制度的改进及其法律评价

我国的森林生态效益补偿制度在法理上存在明显的法律冲突问题。在这种情况下,地方如何因地制宜完善森林生态效益补偿制度是一个值得研究的问题。介绍福建省在完善森林生态效益补偿制度方面的一些具体做法,如下游补上游的创新,超前的分级保护,补偿类别的细分。对这些做法进行法律评价:下游补上游是市县政府履行一部分补偿基金筹集职责的好办法;比国家早四年多提出对公益林的保护分三个等级;分析存在的不足,如没有补偿标准的增长机制,补偿标准大幅落后于相邻省份;模仿中央财政管护补偿的模式,使得征用补偿落空;国有公益林得到了不应得的征用补偿(即产权损失补偿);没有专门的公益林补偿管理机构;公益林补偿基金管理办法的位阶不合法。

Improvement of Forest Ecological Benefit Compensation System in Fujian Province and Its Legal Evaluation

My country’s forest ecological benefit compensation system has obvious legal conflicts in legal theory.In this case,it is a problem worthy of study about how to improve the forest ecological benefit compensation system according to local conditions.This paper introduced some specific practices of Fujian Province in improving the forest ecological benefit compensation system,such as the innovations in upstream and downstream areas,advanced classification protection,and the breakdown of compensation categories.It took the legal evaluation of these practices:downstream compensation upstream was a good way for city and county governments to perform part of the compensation fund raising responsibilities;more than four years earlier than the state,the protection of public welfare forests was proposed to be divided into three levels;analysis of existing deficiencies,such as no compensation standards Compensation standards for the growth mechanism of the country lags behind that of neighboring provinces;imitating the central financial management and protection compensation model,making the compensation for expropriation failed;state-owned public forests have received undue compensation for expropriation(compensation for loss of property rights);there was no special public forest Compensation management agency;the management method of the public welfare forest compensation fund was illegal.