纽约市与北京市自来水定价比较研究

制定合理的水价,是解决水资源不足、实现水资源可持续开发利用的重要措施。在对纽约市和北京市目前的水价构成及水平介绍的基础上,从水价承受能力、运行机制和管理体制等角度进行对比和优缺点分析。结果表明,目前两市的自来水定价与调节程序基本相同,不同之处体现在:纽约市将水费分为计量水费、设施水费和服务费用,对房屋正面宽度和涉水设备收取非计量水费,污水处理费比例相对较高,水价的相对水平基本可引起居民对用水的重视;北京市实行单一的计量式水费,水资源费、污水处理费比例较低,水价相对水平偏低,有较大的上升空间。

Comparative studies on water pricing between New York City and Beijing City

To design reasonable water price is an important way to solve water shortage and achieve sustainable development of water resources.Based on the introduction to the compositions and levels of the current water prices in New York City and Beijing City,a contrast analysis is performed from the aspects of bearing capacity,operation mechanism and management system.The results indicate that the water pricing and adjustment procedures in the two cities are basically the same.There are also some differences: the water prices in New York City consist of metered water rates,fixture water rates and service charges,the non-metered water rates for the house frontage and fixture are collected,the percentage of wastewater rates is relatively high,and the relevant level of water price may make the residents highlight the water use.While in Beijing,unitary metered water rates are adopted,the percentage of water resources rates and wastewater rates are low,and the relative level of water price is low and has more increasing potential.