粮食主产区农业用水效率及其影响因素

基于2005—2019年粮食主产区13个省(自治区)相关农业数据，应用柯布-道格拉斯函数形式的SFA模型和Tobit模型对我国粮食主产区农业用水效率影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明：农业生产技术效率值和农业用水效率值均小于1，粮食主产区节水潜力大；农业用水效率的地区差异大，安徽省数值最低；主要城市年均气温、农业用水占总用水量比例、地表水资源、有效灌溉面积、小麦和玉米占农作物播种面积比例这6个变量数值的增加对农业用水效率值有显著的正向影响。

Efficiency of agricultural water use and its influencing factors in main grain producing areas

Based on the relevant agricultural data of 13 provinces in the main grain producing areas from 2005 to 2019, the SFA model and the Tobit model in the form of Cobb-Douglas function are used for empirical analysis. The results show that the values of agricultural production technical efficiency and agricultural water use efficiency are both less than 1, and the main grain producing areas have great water-saving potential. The regional difference of the agricultural water use efficiency is large, and the value in Anhui Province is the lowest. The increases in the average annual temperature in major cities, the proportion of agricultural water to total water consumption, the surface water resources, the effective irrigation area and the proportion of wheat and corn to crop sowing area have a significant positive impact on the value of the agricultural water efficiency.