我国流域水管理法律体制的演变与发展

依据水事四法、流域立法、国家政策和改革实践，对我国流域水管理法律体制的演变和发展进行了历史分析和定性评价，指出我国流域水管理从最初的区域管理体制，演变为流域管理与区域管理相结合的体制，目前仍然处于变革之中。近年来的流域管理机构改革强化了流域管理，河长制的实施强化了区域管理与科层协调，环境监管体制改革要求在生态环保部门建立流域管理机构，国务院和地方政府机构改革则优化了多部门区域管理；这些先后实施的政策和措施之间缺乏统筹，使流域管理与区域管理相结合的体制出现了一定程度的割裂，需要通过进一步的改革予以健全和完善。

Evolution and reform of legal system for basin water management in China

The evolution and development of basin water management system in China are analyzed and estimated according to its four water laws, basin laws, related policies and reform practices. It is found out that the basin water management system in China has evolved from the region management to the basin management combined with the region management, which is still being reformed and evolved. The reform of basin management agencies has strengthened the basin management, and the implementation of the river chief system has strengthened the region management and the hierarchic coordination. The reform measures of environmental management system include the establishment of basin management agencies in the sector of ecological environment. The agency reform of State Council and local governments has optimized the multi-sector region management. These policies and measures are not planned and enforced as a whole, resulting in the isolation between the basin management and the region management. The basin water management system in China should be modified and improved through further reform.