基于水权交易和面源污染控制的农户灌溉施肥行为模型

将水权交易和面源污染控制有机结合,以种植面积、农业用水定额、污染物浓度为约束条件,运用边际分析方法建立农户灌溉施肥行为模型,分析水权交易和排污控制对农户行为的影响。结果表明:灌溉用水量与农作物价格成正相关,与交易水价和边际灌溉成本成负相关;一定范围内肥料施用量与农作物价格成正相关,与边际施肥成本或边际环境成本成负相关。模型证明,当农业用水定额内水权可交易时,水市场的存在和水价政策将激励农户减少灌水量,节约用水。

Farmer's irrigation and fertilization behavior model based on water right transaction and control of non-point source pollution

By combining water right transaction with non-point source pollution control and considering the constraint conditions of planting area, agricultural water quota and pollutant concentration, a model for farmer''s irrigation and fertilization behavior is employed by using the marginal analysis method, and the influences of the water right transaction and non-point pollution control on farmers'' behavior are analyzed. The results show that the water consumption for irrigation is positively correlated to the price of crops and negatively related to that of transaction water and marginal irrigation cost. The application amount of fertilizer within a certain range is positively correlated to the price of crops, but it is negatively related to the marginal cost of fertilizer or marginal environmental cost. It is proved by the proposed model that the water market and water price policy will encourage the farmers to reduce water consumption for irrigation and to save water when the agricultural water quota can be transacted.