试论我国污水治理的“产治分离”体制

在现行“谁污染谁治理”的治污体制下,企业出于追求利润最大化的考虑,必然产生将污水偷排滥放的行为。要彻底解决污水治理问题,必须建立新的污水治理体制,能够满足“偷排污水不能获得经济上的利益”的要求。新体制应该是“产治分离”,即企业的产品生产和污染治理相分离。企业专注于产品生产,并按预先核定的污水排出量缴纳治污费;组建专业化的公共事业组织专门进行污水处理,并向用户提供可利用的再生水。进行污水处理的公共事业组织具有公益性、非营利性,其人员参照公务员的办法管理。

Discussion on the System for "Separate Production from Treatment" concerning Sewage Treatment in China

Under the current system of "to hold those who cause pollution responsible for cleaning up",the enterprises,in order to proceed from pursuing profit maximization,are bound to discharge sewage stealthily and disorderly.In respond to this,the paper offers that new system for sewage treatment should be established,which involves that "if the enterprises discharge sewage stealthily they can not obtain economic benefit".The new system initiates that the enterprises should be concentrate their attention on production and pay fees for sewage treatment according to the pre-approved discharge of sewage,while establishment of specialized public utilities organizations that are engaged in sewage treatment and provide available rejuvenated water for users.The organizations have the properties of public and non-profit and their staff can be managed by reference to civil servant.