城市热环境空间格局及影响因素分析——以大连市金州区为例

近年来,城市化发展进程加快导致热环境发生变化,本文通过单窗算法反演地表温度、随机森林分类法对地物进行划分,结合GIS空间分析,对大连市金州区城市热环境的时空特征进行了研究。得出以下三点结论:(1)中心城区具有明显的热岛效应,地表温度总体上明显高于城市边缘区和郊区;(2)研究区包含5种主要地物类型,即植被、耕地、水体、裸土、建筑土地利用空间分布,其中耕地面积最大,水体面积最小;(3)在城市地表覆盖系统内,不同土地利用类型地表温度具有明显差异,其中建筑密集区、交通发达区与植被的LST最大温差可达10℃。

Analysis of Urban Thermal Environment Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors:Taking Jinzhou District of Dalian City as an Example

In recent years,the accelerated process of urbanization has led to changes in the thermal environment.This paper uses Mono-window Algorithmto retrieve land surface temperature、Random Forestto classify features,and combines GIS spatial analysis to analyze the time and space of urban thermal environment in Jinzhou District,Dalian.The following three conclusions are drawn:(1)the central urban area has an obvious heat island effect,and the surface temperature is generally significantly higher than that of the urban fringe and suburban areas;(2)the study area contains 5 main types of ground features,namely vegetation,arable land,water body,bare soil,and construction land use spatial distribution.Among them,the arable land area is the largest and the water body area is the smallest;(3)in the urban land cover system,the surface temperature of different land use types have obvious differences.Among them,the maximum temperature difference between the built-up area,the traffic-developed area and the vegetation can reach 10℃.