中国西北干旱地区湿地生态系统的形成、演变和保护对策

在我国西北干旱地区，一些内陆湖泊湿地生态系统滋养了西北地区的历史文明和繁荣，从多方面支持了当地人民生活、全球生态系统的稳定和生物多样性，对保护干旱地区生态环境和促进干旱区域可持续发展具有重要意义；分析了西北干旱地区湿地生态系统的类型、形成过程及人类活动的影响，从区域可持续发展、流域水资源的合理利用、生态用水的保证、湿地生态系统服务功能的维持等方面，提出了西北干旱地区湿地生态系统的管理目标和保护对策。

Formation, evolution and protection of wetland ecosystems in arid region, Northwestern China

In northwestern China, although rainfall is rare, some wetland systems have been developed from water supplied by mountain snow melting. Not only do wetland ecosystems provide the base for historical civilization and prosperity, and the diversified services for stablizing global ecosystems and protecting biodiversity, but also is very important for both protecting eco-environments and improving sustainable development in arid region. In this paper, we analyzed the forming process and distribution of wetland ecosystems in arid region of northwestern China, assessing the impact of human activity on structure and function of wetland ecosystems. Some management targets and strategies were suggested by means of regional sustainable development, rational utilization of water resources in watershed scale, guaranteeing ecological water supply, sustaining ecological services of wetland ecosystems.