可持续生计视角下易地搬迁精准扶贫效果评价

易地搬迁是我国实施精准扶贫政策的重要手段之一。以湖北省十堰市龙韵村115户搬迁农户为研究对象,对其搬迁前后的生计资本、生计策略以及生计结果分别进行对比,分析政策实施对搬迁农户生计的改善情况,并通过移民农户对扶贫搬迁政策的满意度评价扶贫效果。结果表明:(1)易地扶贫搬迁促进了移民生计资本的增加,改变了农户生计策略,优化了贫困户整体生计结果,精准扶贫效果显著;(2)农户对易地搬迁扶贫政策效果的整体满意度较高,均值为3.71,提升了贫困户的获得感及幸福感;(3)易地搬迁可持续减贫仍存在一定的制约因素,需要防范返贫风险。

Research on Evaluation of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Effects of Relocation from the Perspective of Sustainable Livelihood

Relocation is one of the important means to implement targeted poverty alleviation policy in China.Taking 115 relocated peasant households in Longyun village,Shiyan city as the research object,this paper makes a comparative analysis of their livelihood assets,livelihood strategy and livelihood results before and after relocation,then analyzes the improvement of livelihoods of the relocated farmers by the implementation of the policy,and resettles the poor through relocation,and discusses the poverty alleviation effect by analyzing the satisfaction of migrant peasant households on the poverty alleviation relocation policy.The results show that:(1)relocating the poor has a significant effect,which can help immigrants to realize the increase of livelihood assets,promote the transformation of farmers livelihood strategies,and optimize the overall livelihood results;(2)the overall satisfaction of farmers on the effect of the poverty alleviation policy on relocation is high,with an average value of 3.71,which improves the sense of well-being and happiness of poor households;(3)poverty alleviation has certain constraints,and there is still a certain risk of returning to poverty.