基于最小耗费距离模型的西山区生态连接度评价

针对目前生态连接度评价空间显式表达的不足,提出一种基于最小耗费距离模型的评价方法。按照不同生态功能分区,计算土地生态服务价值、障碍影响指数及生态连接度指数,并对影响土地生态连接度的驱动机制进行深入分析。以云南省西山区2009年、2015年土地利用数据和2020年土地规划数据为例进行验证。结果表明:基于最小耗费距离模型和GIS方法可以显式的表达研究区生态连接度的空间差异程度;研究区2009—2015年生态连接度下降,是因为"十二五"期间经济快速发展及城市化进程加快,无序蔓延式扩张致使绿地被分割、耕地被占用;规划末期2020年生态连接度逐渐趋于好转,源于"十三五"高度重视生态保护,大量风景名胜区和生态湿地的建立对生态环境具有很好的促进作用。该方法可为生态连接度定量分析评价及驱动机制研究提供借鉴和参考。

Evaluation of Ecological Connectivity of Xishan District Based on Minimum Cumulative Resistance Model

In view of the deficiency of the explicit expression of the spatial evaluation of ecological connectivity,an evaluation method based on the minimum cost distance model is proposed.According to different ecological function zoning,the land ecological service value, barrier influence index and ecological connectivity index were calculated,and the influence of land ecological connectivity was evaluated and analyzed.Taking Xishan District 2009 and 2015 land use data and 2020 land planning data as an example.Establishing resistance value by calculating ecological service value in different ecological function areas and get the BEI and ECI.The results showed that:(1)the minimum cost distance model and GIS method can explicitly show the significant difference of ecological spatial connectivity;(2)the ecological connectivity of the study area in 2009~2015 decreased because of rapid economic development"in 12th Five-Year",divided green space and occupied arable land as well as the spread of city expansion;(3)at the end of 2020 ecological connectivity planning,it will be gradually improved.The main reason is that the"13th Five-Year"panning pays great attention to ecological protection and the establishment of a large number of scenic spots and ecological wetland has a positive promoting effect on the ecological environment.This method can be used as a reference for quantitative analysis and evaluation of ecological connectivity.