The complex reality of biodiversity conservation through Natural Protected Area policy: Three cases from the Yucatan Peninsula,Mexico |
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Authors: | Eduardo García-Frapolli Gabriel Ramos-Fernández Eduardo Galicia Arturo Serrano |
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Institution: | 1. Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas (CIECO), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701 Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de La Huerta, 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico;2. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, Oaxaca 71230 A.P. 674, Mexico;3. Pronatura Península de Yucatán, Calle 32 No. 269, Col. Pinzón II, C.P. 97207 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;4. Laboratorio de Mamíferos Marinos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Veracruzana, Carr. Tuxpan-Tampico km 7.5, Col. Universitaria, C.P. 92850 Tuxpan, Veracruz, Mexico |
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Abstract: | The federal policy of Natural Protected Areas has become the main instrument for conserving biodiversity in Mexico. Established in territories representative of different ecosystems but also of cultural diversity, protected areas in Mexico have historically been created and managed with a centralized rationale, creating several conflicts with local communities over the use of natural resources. The country's approach to protected areas perfectly illustrates the complexities, difficulties and challenges entailed in biodiversity conservation. This paper develops a critical analysis of this policy instrument in Mexico, and analyzes three Natural Protected Areas in the Yucatan Peninsula: The Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, the Celestún Biosphere Reserve, and the Otoch Ma’ax Yetel Kooh Natural Protected Area. The case studies serve as examples of the most common difficulties that arise in Mexican Natural Protected Area policy: (1) uncoordinated public policies; (2) the usual conflict between environmental authorities and local people over the management of natural resources; and (3) the exclusion of local people's perspectives, values and beliefs in conservation policy development and implementation. |
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Keywords: | Natural Protected Areas Calakmul Biosphere Reserve Celestú n Biosphere Reserve Otoch Ma&rsquo ax Yetel Kooh Yucatan Peninsula Mexico |
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