生态安全观下耕地后备资源评价指标体系探讨

研究目的：针对当前耕地后备资源调查评价中偏重于可耕性而忽视生态安全性的问题，探讨基于生态安全性的耕地后备资源评价指标体系及其构建。研究方法：理论分析与资料论证。研究结果：提出了生态安全观下耕地后备资源评价指标体系的选择原则，构建耕地后备资源的评价指标体系框架。研究结论：耕地后备资源开发利用中不断出现耕地退化问题，说明目前中国耕地已开发过度，若忽视生态安全问题继续开发，新增耕地将会面临更加严重的退化威胁。对耕地后备资源评价不能只注重对耕作可行性的评价，还应考虑开发的生态可行性。因此，耕地后备资源调查评价中应该增加生态安全准则，确保开垦后不发生土地退化及其引发的生态问题。将生态用地作为限制性因素，不列入耕地后备资源。

Study on the Evaluation Indicators of the Arable Land from the View of Ecological Security

The purpose of this paper is to discuss on the existing problems in the uncultivated arable land evaluation, including laying particular stress on the cultivation suitability and neglecting the ecological security in order to construct evaluation index system based on ecological security consideration for surveying and assessing of cultivated land reserve. Methods of theoretic analysis and case study were employed. The results indicate the cultivated land in China is over exploited considering the land degradation problems. The new exploited cultivated land will face more serious degradation problems if ecological safety is ignored. Both cultivation and ecological feasibility has to be taken into account. Principles of ecological safety shall be included in the evaluation of cultivated land reserve to prevent land degradation. The ecological land shall be excluded from cultivated land reserve, and ecological problems accordingly.