农村集体建设用地住宅用途入市的现实约束与赋能探索

研究目的：分析当前农村宅基地流转的现实约束，通过构建集体建设用地住宅用途入市的市场交易和收益分配机制，赋能宅基地制度改革。研究方法：文献资料法，案例分析法。研究结果：允许闲置宅基地转为集体经营性建设用地入市是城乡融合发展的重要路径。目前受到宅基地流转和集体经营性建设用地入市范围、用途的限制，试点地区的改革探索整体上是城乡二元土地制度的延续。农业转移人口市民化的闲置宅基地转为集体经营性建设用地，可以从商业和工业用途拓展到住宅用途入市，在城乡统一建设用地市场公开交易，城乡居民均可成为使用权主体，入市收益缴纳相关税费后由农民和集体共同分享。研究结论：深化宅基地制度改革的方向是城乡住宅用地具有平等的财产权能，协同推进新型城镇化和乡村振兴。

Rural Construction Land Marketization for Residential Use: Practical Restrictions and Enablement Exploration

The purposes of this paper are to analyze the practical restrictions on rural residential land transfers and to deepen the institution reform of rural residential land by designing the mechanisms of market transactions and income distribution of rural construction land marketization for residential use. Documentation method and case analysis were used. The result shows that allowing idle rural residential land to be converted to commercial use is an important path for urban-rural integration. Currently restricted by rural residential land transfers and the market scope and use of rural construction land marketization, the reform exploration of pilot areas is based on the continuation of the urban-rural dual land institutions. After being converted into commercial use, the rural residential land withdrawn by the citizenized agricultural migrants should be allowed to be transferred in the integrated urban-rural construction land market for residential use, both urban and rural residents can become the subject of the land use rights, and the revenue from the transfers should be shared equally by farmers and collectives after paying relevant taxes and fees. In conclusion, the direction of deepening the institutional reform of rural residential land is that urban-rural residential land is granted with equal property rights, so that new urbanization and rural revitalization can be promoted simultaneously.