2018年土地科学研究重点进展评述及2019年展望 ——土地经济分报告

研究目的：梳理并比较2018年国内外土地经济领域研究进展和研究重点，展望未来研究方向。研究方法：文献法。研究结果：2018年，土地价格、土地市场化、土地产权安排、土地征收和土地改革等是国内外共同的研究焦点。国外研究关注城市土地价格的变化趋势、土地市场不完善的原因、产权稳定性与生产效率的关系、土地改革的成效等，而国内研究重点关注农地流转的意愿和价格、失地农民的福利、产权稳定性与农业投资的关系、土地制度演化变迁过程以及集体土地“三权分置”等问题。研究结论：2018年，土地经济领域研究在土地制度变迁过程、土地流转市场新体系、土地供给、土地细碎化、征地影响因素等方面有所进展。2019年将重点关注实现乡村振兴的土地政策、宅基地“三权分置”改革、农村土地制度改革试点跟踪评估、土地经营权流转和融资担保制度等。

Progress Review on Land Science Research in 2018 and Prospects for 2019: The Sub-report on Land Economics

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research progress on land economics in 2018 and give prospect in 2019. The method of literature review was employed. The results indicate that land price, land marketization, land property rights, land expropriation and land reform were discussed extensively all around the world in 2018. Overseas studies paid more attention to the trend of urban land price fluctuations, the reasons for imperfect land market, the relationship between property rights stability and production efficiency and the effects of land reform, while domestic studies focused on the willingness and price of farmland transfer, the welfare of landless farmers, the relationship between property rights stability and agricultural investment, the evolution of land institution and the tripartite rural land entitlement system. In conclusion, in 2018, the research in the field of land economics made progress in the process of land institutional change, new market system of land transfer, land supply, land fragmentation, and factors affecting land expropriation. In 2019, the research should focus on land policies for rural revitalization, institutional reform of tripartite rural residential land entitlement system, evaluation of pilot projects for rural land institutional reform, institutional arrangement for collective construction land to enter the market, the transfer of land rights and its related institutions of financing guarantee.