土地经营规模对测土配方施肥技术应用的影响研究——基于家庭农场监测数据的观察

研究目的:在土地规模化和农业绿色发展的背景下,从全国和地区层面分析家庭农场土地经营规模对测土配方施肥技术应用的总体影响,发现其应用概率显著提高了具体土地规模区间。研究方法:运用IV方法对LPM和Probit模型进行估计。研究结果:(1)土地经营规模对农场应用测土配方施肥技术具有显著正向影响。土地经营规模每增加100亩,测土配方施肥技术应用概率平均提高2.10%。(2)政府倡导的适度规模经营与测土配方施肥技术的推广应用并不存在矛盾。相对于土地经营规模75亩以下的农场,当土地经营规模达到110亩后,农场应用测土配方施肥技术的概率会显著提高;110～225亩与225亩以上的农场应用测土配方施肥技术的概率无显著性差异。(3)相比于东北地区的样本农场,土地经营规模对测土配方施肥技术应用的正向影响效应在西部地区的样本农场中更明显。研究结论:促进土地向家庭农场等适度规模经营主体流转,注重不同地区测土配方施肥技术推广的差异性。

Study on the Impact of Land Operational Scale on the Application of Formula Fertilization Technology by Soil Testing: Based on the Observation from Family Farm Monitoring Data

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the overall effect of the scale of land operation of family farms on the application of soil testing and formula fertilization technology under the background of large-scale land and green agriculture development, and to figure out the specific range of land operation scale regarding the significant increased probability of the technology application. The research method is to estimate LPM and Probit models via the IV approach. The research result showed: 1)the land operational scale has a significant positive impact on the application of formula fertilization technology by soil testing on the farm. For every 100 mu of land operational scale, the applicational probability of the technology increases by 2.10% on average. 2)There is no contradiction between the appropriate land operation scale advocated by the government and the popularization and application of soil formula fertilization technology. Compared with the land operational scale of less than 75 mu, the scale reaches 110 mu improves the application probability of the technology significantly; but compared with the land operational scale between 110 and 225 mu, the application probability has no significant difference given the land operational scale is above 225 mu. 3)Compared with the sample farms in the northeastern region, the impact of the land operational scale on the sampled farmland fertilization technology in the sample farms of the western region is more obvious. In conclusion, the land transfer to family farms and other moderate-scale operational entities should be promoted, and the differentiation of soil testing and formula fertilization techniques popularization in different regions deserves more attention.