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基于POI数据的城市蔓延测度研究——以沈阳市为例
引用本文:张景奇,陈小冬,修春亮.基于POI数据的城市蔓延测度研究——以沈阳市为例[J].中国土地科学,2019,33(4):93-102.
作者姓名:张景奇  陈小冬  修春亮
作者单位:东北大学文法学院,东北大学文法学院,东北大学江河建筑学院
基金项目:2018年国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于‘流量’的城市空间结构和主要功能关系研究”(41871162);2015年国家社会科学基金青年项目“基于成本比较的中国城市蔓延治理研究”(15CGL078);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“大数据背景下城市土地利用结构、功能与效率优化”(N161401003);2017年度辽宁经济社会发展立项课题(2018lslktqn-024)。
摘    要:研究目的:基于POI地图大数据建立一个新的城市蔓延测算方法,并以沈阳市为例探讨城市蔓延的治理途径。研究方法:借鉴LOPEZ的居住(人口)密度测算法,从公共服务和设施配置的角度出发,提取沈阳市POI(Points of Interest)和建筑单元地理大数据,利用核密度分析法、CRITIC赋权法和自然断点分类法构建基于POI的城市蔓延指数。研究结果:沈阳市二三环间是城市蔓延的重灾区,重度蔓延面积最大,而三四环间重度蔓延比例最高;方向上,形成以NE-N方位为主要蔓延翼,NE-E和SW-S为次要蔓延翼的分布格局;行政区划上,蔓延程度最高的是浑南区和于洪区。研究结论:基于POI数据的城市蔓延测算方法,数据收集难度低且能够直观地反映出中国城市蔓延城中与城郊地区的差异,可为地方政府进行城市蔓延的分区治理提供参考。

关 键 词:土地利用  城市蔓延指数  POI大数据  公共服务密度  蔓延治理  沈阳市
收稿时间:2019/1/16 0:00:00
修稿时间:2019/3/28 0:00:00

Study on the Measurement of Urban Sprawl based on the POI Data: A Case of Shenyang City, China
ZHANG Jingqi,CHEN Xiaodong,XIU Chunliang.Study on the Measurement of Urban Sprawl based on the POI Data: A Case of Shenyang City, China[J].China Land Science,2019,33(4):93-102.
Authors:ZHANG Jingqi  CHEN Xiaodong  XIU Chunliang
Institution:(School of Humanities and Law,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110169,China;School of JangHo Architecture,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110169,China)
Abstract:The purpose of the paper is to establish a new method for measuring urban sprawl based on the POI big data,and to discuss the paths to better governance of urban sprawl via a case of Shenyang City in China.Based on Lopez’s method,the new method applies density of public services instead of density of population.In order to build the POI-based urban sprawl index,the methods of nuclear density analysis,CRITIC weighting and natural break point classification were used.We also took Shenyang city as an empirical case to examine the new method.The result shows that the district between the 2nd and 3rd ring roads takes up the most quantities of serious sprawl area(region-Ⅴ),while the district between the 3rd and 4th ring roads has the highest percentage of serious sprawl area(region-Ⅴ);the orientation of NE-N is the first main spreading wing of urban sprawl,and NE-E,SW-S are the second main spreading wings;and Hunnan and Yuhong are the two districts of the highest degree of urban sprawl.In conclusion,the urban sprawl index based on the POI data can eliminate the shortage of high-precision population spatial data,and can directly reflect the differences between urban and suburban areas,which can provide references for local government to conduct a zoning governance of urban sprawl.
Keywords:land use  urban sprawl index  POI data  public service density  urban sprawl governance  Shenyang City
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