农地整理对土地景观格局影响的定量分析

研究目的:针对中国目前农地整理偏重补充耕地数量、忽视耕地质量和生态保护的情况,从量化角度分析农地整理对景观格局的影响,提出农地整理规划设计和评价的改进。研究方法:文献资料法、实证分析法、GIS技术。研究结果:对比分析发现农地整理项目区整理前后景观格局指数,景观平均斑块面积增大,景分形维数降低,景观斑块稳定性增强,破碎化程度降低。但是,农地整理为了增加耕地面积,牺牲了其他景观类型;同时,景观多样性指数的下降,降低了整个景观系统的自组织能力和稳定性,不利于景观系统的持续发展。研究结论:农地整理是一项多目标工程,只有在耕地数量与质量、生态景观、土水环境等目标之间达成一种相对平衡,才是可持续的。

Quantitative Analysis of the Impacts on Landscape Pattern by Farmland Consolidation

The purpose of this study is to analyze quantitatively the impact of the farmland consolidation on landscape pattern and provide advices for improvement in the planning and design of the farmland consolidation project,by analyzing the present farmland consolidation practice which pays more attention to the quantity of arable land rather than the quality and the ecological protection.Methods of documentation and case study were employed.By comparing the landscape index before and after the farmland consolidation of Beineiyang area at Dongyuan town,Longhai city in Fujian province,it is found that the average acreage of landscape patch increased,the fractal dimension of landscape decreased,the stability of landscape patch increased and the fragmentation of landscape decreased.However,the dominant landscape diversity index decreased,which reduced the self-structure,stability and went against the sustainability of the landscape system.Farmland consolidation is a multi-purpose engineering and the sustainable development can only be achieved by balancing the objectives of increasing the quantity and improving the quality of arable land,protecting the ecological landscape and improving the soil-water environment.