基于乡村异质性的宅基地发展权配置研究

研究目的:从乡村异质性出发,探讨与不同类型乡村相适应的宅基地发展权配置策略,以期为我国乡村振兴与宅基地制度改革提供新的启发。研究方法:规范分析法、比较分析法。研究结果:基于“区位—资源—组织”三维组合将我国乡村划分为近郊优势团结型、近郊优势分散型、近郊平庸团结型、近郊平庸分散型、远郊优势团结型、远郊优势分散型、远郊平庸团结型、远郊平庸分散型8种类型,不同类型乡村分别匹配拓展型、转移型、保留型或者多类型组合的宅基地发展权配置方式。研究结论:我国乡村的区位条件、资源禀赋和村集体组织能力存在很大差异,这种异质性决定了宅基地发展权配置的复杂性和多样性,宅基地发展权配置没有普适性的“最优”模式,更好发挥宅基地发展权配置对乡村振兴的引擎作用,需要基于乡村异质性采取分类配置策略而非“一刀切”。

Research on Allocation Strategy of Rural Residential Land Development Rights Based on Rural Heterogeneity

The purpose of this paper is to explore the allocation strategy of rural residential land development rights for different types of villages based on rural heterogeneity,to provide new implication for rural revitalization and rural residential land reform.The methods of normative analysis and comparative analysis are used in this paper.The results showed that based on the three-dimensional combination of“location-resources-organization”,villages were divided into suburban advantage united type,suburban advantage scattered type,suburban mediocre united type,suburban mediocre scattered type,outer suburban advantage united type,outer suburban advantage scattered type,outer suburban mediocre united type and outer suburban mediocre scattered type.Different types of villages were aligned with various types of rural residential land development rights allocation,including extended,transferred,reserved and combined types.In conclusion,the location conditions,resource endowments and collective organization capacity of villages are very different.The heterogeneity determines the complexity and diversity of the allocation of rural residential land development rights.There is no universal“optimal”model for the allocation of rural residential land development rights.In order to make better use of the engine role of rural residential land development rights allocation in rural revitalization,it is necessary to adopt a classified allocation strategy based on rural heterogeneity rather than a“one size fits all”strategy.