基于要素—过程—功能的耕地质量理论认识及其研究趋势

研究目的:对耕地质量的科学认识是进行耕地利用、评价与保护的关键和核心,目前对耕地质量的认识主要集中在生产能力、基础地力和健康等方面,认识的维度不断扩展,迫切需要在理论层面进行耕地质量的认识,因此,从耕地资源组成要素出发,基于要素—过程—功能角度,构建耕地质量理论框架,是当前迫切需要研究的问题。研究方法:文献综合法、总结归纳法与推理方法。研究结果:提出了耕地资源综合体的概念,分析了耕地资源综合体的组成要素特征;论述了耕地在水平和垂直两个方向上的过程特征,构建了面向多功能的耕地质量要素—过程—功能质量认识框架;论述了耕地质量遗传与变异性、动态变化性特征;提出了基于要素—过程—功能的耕地质量研究趋势。研究结论:基于要素—过程—功能的耕地质量理论认识框架及其提出的未来发展趋势,为中国耕地数量、质量、生态三位一体耕地质量体系建设提供理论支撑。

land management; cultivated land quality; elements; process; function; theoretical framework; research trends

The scientific understanding of cultivated land quality is the key and core of cultivated land use, evaluation and protection. At present, the understanding of cultivated land quality mainly focuses on the aspects of production capacity, soil fertility and health. The lack of comprehensive and unified understanding leads to various cultivated land quality criteria in different state departments, failing to meet the demand of national protection of cultivated land quantity, quality and ecology. Therefore, it is expected to construct the theoretical framework of cultivated land quality from the perspectives of the object characteristics and the public demand of cultivated land quality. The methods of literature synthesis and induction and deduction are employed. Based on the relevant research of cultivated land quality characteristics, evaluation and demand, this paper puts forward the multi-functional cultivated land quality elements- process-function theory framework, and illuminates cultivated land quality from the aspects of both vertical and horizontal levels. The multi-functional quality of cultivated land is analyzed through the process of production and ecology, and the characteristics of cultivated land quality are analyzed based on the elements-process-function. Based on the theoretical framework, this paper puts forward the research trend of cultivated land quality regarding elements-process-function. It is concluded that the theoretical framework and research trends of cultivated land quality proposed by this study can provide certain reference for the quality system construction of cultivated land quantity, quality and ecology in China.